Introduction of the Bill in either House of Parliament.
Detailed scrutiny, committee review, and clause-by-clause discussion.
Final debate and passing by Simple Majority.
The Second House repeats the 3 readings. It can pass, amend, or reject.
President summons a Joint Sitting if Houses disagree.
The President approves, withholds, or returns the Bill.
Introduction of the Bill in either House of Parliament.
The legislative process begins with the introduction of the Bill. This can be done by a Minister (Government Bill) or a Private Member.
Outcome: The Bill is formally before the House.
Detailed scrutiny, committee review, and clause-by-clause discussion.
This is the longest and most critical stage where the Bill is examined in detail.
Outcome: The Bill is shaped into its final form.
Final debate and passing by Simple Majority.
The House votes to pass or reject the Bill as a whole.
Outcome: Bill is passed in the originating House.
The Second House repeats the 3 readings. It can pass, amend, or reject.
The Second House goes through First, Second, and Third readings again.
Outcome: Consensus or Deadlock.
President summons a Joint Sitting if Houses disagree.
An extraordinary machinery to resolve deadlocks between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Outcome: Deadlock is resolved.
The President approves, withholds, or returns the Bill.
The final step for a Bill to become an Act.
Outcome: The Bill becomes the Law of the Land (Act).
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