Article 368 • The Amending Process
"The Constitution is not easily changed. It requires a consensus that transcends ordinary politics."
Can be introduced in either House. No prior permission of President needed.
Unlike Money Bills, an Amendment Bill does not require the President's prior recommendation.
Outcome: Bill is formally introduced.
Must be passed by Special Majority in EACH House separately.
There is NO provision for a Joint Sitting. Each House must pass the bill independently with a strict majority.
Outcome: Passed by both Houses separately.
Required ONLY if the bill changes 'Federal Provisions'.
If the amendment affects the federal structure (e.g., GST, Election of President, Supreme Court), states must approve it.
Outcome: Federal consensus obtained.
The President MUST give assent. No veto powers.
The President has no discretion in Constitutional Amendment Bills.
Outcome: The Constitution stands amended.
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